Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) and Organic Foods
Students will determine the presence of DNA in their food by extracting it from a strawberry. Then, students will compare and contrast GMOs and organic foods in order to evaluate the nutrition, safety, economic, geographic, and environmental impacts of these agricultural production practices.
Background
Lesson Activities
Recommended Companion Resources
Credits
Author
Denise Stewardson | National Agriculture in the Classroom Organization (NAITCO)
Sources
- https://gmoanswers.com/current-gmo-crops
- United States Department of Agriculture
- https://www.ams.usda.gov/rules-regulations/be
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26034271
- https://www.sare.org/Learning-Center/Bulletins/Transitioning-to-Organic-Production/Text-Version/Economics-of-Organic-Production
- https://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/GEPlants/default.htm
- USDA: Biotechnology FAQs
- https://www.geneticliteracyproject.org/2013/08/27/glp-infographic-international-science-organizations-on-crop-biotechnology-safety/#.UlQecCRJNOE
- http://www.bt.ucsd.edu/gmo.html
- http://www.usda.gov/wps/portal/usda/usdahome?contentidonly=true&contentid=organic-agriculture.html
Contributors:
Doug Andersen (UT), Nancy Anderson (UT), Paul Gray (AR), Ken Keller (GA), Lisa Sanders (MN), Sharon Shelerud (MN), Allison Smith (UT), Kelly Swanson (MN)
DNA Extraction Activity used with permission from Debra Spielmaker, Utah State University
Standards
Indiana Content Area Standards
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Geography and History of the World: Innovations and Revolutions: Standard 6
Students examine physical and human geographic factors that influenced the origins, major events, diffusion, and global consequences of new ideas in agriculture, science, culture, politics, industry, and technology.
- GHW.6.5 Innovations and Revolutions: Analyze and assess the impact of the four major agricultural revolutions on the worlds human and physical environments.
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English Language Arts.Grade 9-10.RN.1
Read a variety of nonfiction within a range of complexity appropriate for grades 9-10. By the end of grade 9, students interact with texts proficiently and independently at the low end of the range and with scaffolding as needed for texts at the high end of the range. By the end of grade 10, students interact with texts proficiently and independently.
- Key Ideas and Textual Support.9-10.RN.2.1: Analyze what a text says explicitly as well as inferences and interpretations drawn from the text by citing strong and thorough textual evidence.
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English Language Arts.Grade 9-10.W.1
Write routinely over a variety of time frames for a range of tasks, purposes, and audiences; apply reading standards to support analysis, reflection, and research by drawing evidence from literature and nonfiction texts.
- The Research Process: Finding, Assessing, Synthesizing, and Reporting Information.9-10.W.5: Conduct short as well as more sustained research assignments and tasks to build knowledge about the research process and the topic under study. a. b. c. d. e. f. Formulate an inquiry question, and refine and narrow the focus as research evolves. Gather relevant information from multiple authoritative sources, using advanced searches effectively, and annotate sources. Assess the usefulness of each source in answering the research question. Synthesize and integrate information into the text selectively to maintain the flow of ideas. Avoid plagiarism and over reliance on any one source and follow a standard format (e.g.,MLA, APA) for citation. Present information, choosing from a variety of formats
- Writing Genres: Argumentative, Informative, and Narrative.9-10.W.3.1: Write arguments in a variety of forms that: a. Introduceclaim(s),distinguishtheclaim(s)fromalternateoropposingclaims,andcreateanorganizationthat establishes clear relationships among claim(s), counterclaims, reasons, and evidence. b. Use rhetorical strategies to enhance the effectiveness of the claim c. Develop claim(s) and counterclaims fairly, supplying evidence for each while pointing out the strengths and limitations of both in a manner that anticipates the audiences knowledge level and concerns. d. Use effective transitions to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships between claim(s) and reasons, between reasons and evidence, and between claim(s) and counterclaims. e. Establishandmaintainaconsistentstyleandtoneappropriatetopurposeandaudience. f. Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the argument presented.
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English Language Arts.Grade 9-10.SL.1
Listen actively and adjust the use of spoken language (e.g., conventions, style, vocabulary) to communicate effectively with a variety of audiences and for different purposes.
- Comprehension.9-10.SL.3.1: Analyze multiple sources of information presented in diverse media and formats while evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source.
- Discussion and Collaboration.9-10.SL.2.1: Initiate and participate effectively in a range of collaborative discussions on grade-appropriate topics, texts, and issues, building on others ideas and expressing personal ideas clearly and persuasively.
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English Language Arts.Grade 11-12.RN.1
Read a variety of nonfiction within a range of complexity appropriate for grades11-CCR. By the end of grade 11, students interact with texts proficiently and independently at the low end of the range and with scaffolding as needed for texts at the high end of the range. By the end of grade 12, students interact with texts proficiently and independently.
- Key Ideas and Textual Support.11-12.RN.2.1: Analyze what a text says explicitly as well as inferences and interpretations drawn from the text by citing strong and thorough textual evidence to support and explain how the evidence develops the analysis.
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English Language Arts.Grade 11-12.W.1
Write routinely over a variety of time frames for a range of tasks, purposes, and audiences; apply reading standards to support analysis, reflection, and research by drawing evidence from literature and nonfiction texts.
- The Research Process: Finding, Assessing, Synthesizing, and Reporting Information.11-12.W.5: b. Gather relevant information from multiple types of authoritative sources, using advanced searches effectively, and annotate sources. c. Assess the strengths and limitations of each source in terms of the task, purpose,and audience. d. Synthesize and integrate information into the text selectively to maintain the flow of ideas. e. Avoid plagiarism and over reliance on any one source and follow a standard format (e.g., MLA, APA) for citation. f. Present information, choosing from a variety of formats.
- Writing Genres: Argumentative, Informative, and Narrative.11-12.W.3.1: Write arguments in a variety of forms that a. Introduce precise claim(s), establish the significance of the claim(s), distinguish the claim(s) from alternate or opposing claims, and create an organization that logically sequences claim(s), counterclaims, reasons, and evidence. b. Use rhetorical strategies to enhance the effectiveness of the claim c. Develop claim(s) and counterclaims fairly and thoroughly, supplying the most relevant evidence for each while pointing out the strengths and limitations of both in a manner that anticipates the audiences knowledge level, concerns, values, and possible biases. d. Use effective and varied transitions as well as varied syntax to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships between claim(s) and reasons, between reasons and evidence, and between claim(s) and counterclaims. e. Establishandmaintainaconsistentstyleandtoneappropriatetopurposeandaudience. f. Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the argument presented.
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English Language Arts.Grade 11-12.SL.1
Listen actively and adjust the use of spoken language (e.g., conventions, style, vocabulary) to communicate effectively with a variety of audiences and for different purposes.
- Comprehension.11-12.SL.3.1: Synthesize multiple sources of information presented in diverse media and formats in order to make informed decisions and solve problems, evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source and accounting for any discrepancies among the data.
- Discussion and Collaboration.11-12.SL.2.1: Initiate and engage in a range of collaborative discussions on grade-appropriate topics, texts, and issues, building on others ideas and expressing personal ideas clearly and persuasively.